Principles of family centered care

Principles of family centered care | CHAPTER 2 | Community Health Nursing

Principles of family centered care – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Community Health Nursing” prescribed by the Universities of Bangladesh- for Basic and diploma nursing students. We tried to accommodate latest information and topics.

This book is examination friendly setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination’s questions. At the end of the book previous university questions are given. We hope in touch with the book students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.

 

Principles of family centered care

 

Family-centered care is caring for the client & family as a unit. Family centered care commands a need for nurses who are capable communicators & able to attend to family values, perceptions & needs.

Family centered care

The term of family-centered care describes philosophy of care that recognizes the centrality of the family in the child’s life and inclusion of the family’s contribution and involvement in the plan for care and its delivery. It is a health care delivery model that seeks to fully involve families in the care of members

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Family-centered ‘care means understanding and respecting each family’s unique needs and preferences, partnering with every step of the way as important members of the care team, and providing highly individualized care.

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Family-centered care is caring for the client & family as a unit. Family centered care commands a need for nurses who are capable communicators & able to attend to family values, perceptions & needs. The implication of family centered care, family clinicians must not only have a thorough understanding about family context but must also be cognizant of the impact of functional process on health (Denham, 2003).

 

Principles of family centered care | CHAPTER 2 | Community Health Nursing

 

The key elements of family centered care

1. Incorporating in to policy and practice the recognition that the family is the constant in a people’s life where as the service systems and support personnel fluctuate.
2. Facilitating family / professional collaboration at all levels of hospital, home, and community care. Care of an individual child, program development, implementation, and evaluation and policy formation.
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3. Exchanging complete and unbiased information between families and professionals in a supportive manner at all times.
4. Incorporating in to policy and practice the recognition and honoring of cultural diversity, strengths, and individually within and across all families, including ethnic, racial, spiritual, social, economic, educational, and geographic diversity.
5. Recognizing and respecting different methods of family coping and comprehensive policies and provide developmental, emotional, environmental and financial supports to meet the diverse needs of families.
6. Encouraging and facilitating family- to- family support and networking.
7. Ensuring that hospital, home, and community services and support systems for children needing specialized health and developmental care and their families are flexible, accessible, and comprehensive in responding to diverse family identified needs.
8. Appreciating families as families and children as children, recognizing that they possess a wide range of strengths concerns, emotions, and aspirations beyond their need for specialized health and developmental services and support.
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The nine elements of family-centered care include

1. Recognizing the family as a constant in the child’s life.
2. Facilitating parent-professional collaboration at all levels of health care.
3. Honoring the racial, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic diversity of families.
4. Recognizing family strengths and individuality and respecting different methods of coping.
5. Sharing complete and unbiased information with families on a continuous basis.
6. Encouraging and facilitating family-to-family support and networking.
7. Responding to child and family developmental needs as part of healthcare practices.
8. Adopting policies and practices that provide families with emotional and financial support and
9. Designing health care that is flexible, culturally competent, and responsive to family needs.

The core concepts of Patient Family Centered Care are

1. Dignity and Respect – To listen to and honor patient and family ideas and choices and to use patient and family knowledge, values, beliefs and cultural backgrounds to improve care planning and delivery.
2. Information Sharing – To communicate and share complete and unbiased information with patients and families in useful ways. Patients and families receive timely, complete and accurate details so they can take part in care and decision making.
3. Involvement – To encourage and support patients and families in care and decision making at the level they choose.
4. Collaboration-To invite patients and family members to work together with health care staff to develop and evaluate policies and programs.
Benefits of Patient- and Family-Centered Care:
Given the documented benefits, pediatricians who practice patient and family-centered care may
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experience the following benefits:

1. A stronger alliance with the family in promoting each child’s health and development.
2. Improved clinical decision-making based on better information and collaborative processes
3. Improved follow-through when the plan of care is developed collaboratively with families.
4. Greater understanding of the family’s strengths and care giving capacities.
5. More efficient and effective use of professional time, including the use of patient-and family-centered rounds.
6. More efficient use of health care resources (e.g. more care managed at home, decrease in unnecessary hospitalizations and emergency department visits, more effective use of preventive care).
7. Improved communication among members of the health care team.
8. A more competitive position in the health care marketplace.
9. An enhanced learning environment for future pediatricians and other professionals in training.
10. A practice environment that enhances professional satisfaction in both inpatient and outpatient practice.
11. Greater child and family satisfaction with their health care.
12. Improved patient safety from collaboration with informed and engaged patients and families.
13. An opportunity to learn from families how care systems really work and not just how they are intended to work.
14. A possible decrease in the number of legal claims, claim severity, and legal expenses.

Principles of family centered care

Principle 1: Recognize and respect one another’s knowledge and expertise.
Principle 2: Share information through two-way communication.
Principle 3: Share power and decision making.
Principle 4: Acknowledge and respect diversity.
Principle 5: Create networks of support.
Principles of family centered care

Brief Description

A. Recognize and respect one another’s knowledge and expertise

1. Families and educators each hold unique and essential sets of knowledge about children.

2. Families and educatorsare more effective and more confident when they experience recog
nition and respect for the knowledge they hold.

3. Recognizing a family’s knowledge and expertise and interacting with them with that in mind is called taking a “strengths-based approach.”

B. Share information through two-way communication

1. Twoway communication can happen in all interactions: written and verbal, group and indi-vidual, formal and informal. Many one-way interactions can be transformed into two-way communication.

2. Two-way communication offers both participants

  • access to more information
  • a common body of information
  • the idea of partnership and collaboration
  • respect for each partner’s expertise, experience, and knowledge

3. Authentic two-way communication can transform the power dynamic of some traditional parent educator relationships into a more collaborative one.

C. Share power and decision making

1. Many decisions have implications for the child at home and in the program and are best made with the input of both educators and families.

2. When parents and educators are sharing the care and education of a child, sharing power and decision making are essential.

3. Sharing power does not mean that families will make all the decisions about what happens in the program, just as educators don’t make decisions about what happens with children in the home.

4. Child outcomes are better when parents and educators work together.

D. Acknowledge and respect diversity

1. Culture influences every aspect of how we care for and educate children. Families and educat ors often have different assumptions, beliefs, perspectives, and styles of nurturing and teaching

2. Understanding each other’s perspective allows families and educators to negotiate differences more effectively. There are many “right” ways to care for and educate children.

3. Culture influences how we communicate. Communication strategies and skills are learned in relationship, family, culture, communities, and schools. Understanding and accepting that whatwe have learned comes from a number of influences helps us consciously expand on wh at we know by learning new strategies and skills.

4. People interpret communication differently depending on their cultures, experience, and temperament. Understanding and accepting other people’s communication styles is as important as understanding and accepting our own.

5. Some cultures are valued more by their own society than they are by others. All cultures are not treated equally. This difference is not based on inherent worth, but on power, history, and myth.

E. Create networks of support

Having people and institutions they can depend on can help protect families from a host of negative outcomes. Networks of support include:

1. Family to program: Parents can provide educators and programs with many resources, inchading creative ideas, cultural information, language skills, time and energy. community resources and connections, and more.

2. Program to family: As educators, we may be more accustomed to providing resources to families than to helping families build and participate in networks of support.

3. Family to family: Families benefit both from offering resources and from receiving resources, from being nurtured and from offering nurturance.

4. Community to family: Most families already have some community support in place. We can work with them to identify additional resources and share the information with other families.

We can create structures and opportunities for families, programs, and communities to participate in networks of support.

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