Common Orthopedic Surgery – An orthopedic nurse is a nurse who specializes in treating patients with bone, limb, or musculoskeletal disorders. Nonetheless, because orthopedics and trauma typically follow one another, head injuries and infected wounds are frequently treated by orthopedic nurses.
Ensuring that patients receive the proper pre-and post-operative care following surgery is the responsibility of an orthopedic nurse. They play a critical role in the effort to return patients to baseline before admission. Early detection of complications following surgery, including sepsis, compartment syndrome, and site infections, falls under the purview of orthopedic nurses.
Common Orthopedic Surgery
Orthopedic surgery :
Orthopedic surgery is the branch of surgery which deals with the management of fractured patients when conservative treatment failed to stabilize the problem.
Or
Orthopedic (sometime spelled orthopedic) surgery is surgery performed by specialist, such an orthopedist or orthopedic surgeon, trained to deal with that develop in the bones, joints and ligaments of the human body.
Common orthopedic surgery:
1) Humerus:
✓ DCP (dynamic compression plate)plating – of shaft of humerus.
✓ Interlocking humerus
✓ Percutaneous fixation- supracondylar of humerus
✓ Reconstruction- intercondylar of humerus
2) Forearm:
✓ Excision of radial head
✓ DCP plating
✓ Darrach s operations
✓ Medullary fixation of redius & ulna
3) Hip:
✓ Hemireplacement arthroplasty.
✓ Dynamic hip screw (DHS) technique.
✓ Internal fixation of neck of femur.
4) Femur:
✓ Intramedullary nailing
✓ Interlocking nailing
✓ DCP plating
5) Tibia:
✓DCP plating for tibia
✓ Interlocking nailing
✓ Maleolar fixation
6) Toes and fingers: K-wire stabilization
7) Others:
✓ Osteotomy
✓ Amputation Bone grafting
✓ ORIF(open reduction with internal fixation)
8) External fixation.
9) Internal fixation
Purpose of orthopaedic surgery:
1. Orthopedic surgery corrects problems that arise in the skeleton and its attachments, the ligaments and tendons
2. It may also deal with some problems of the nervous system such as those that arise from injury of the spine. These problem can occurs at birth, though injury, or as the result of the aging.
3. They may be acute, as in injury, or chronic as in many aging -related-problems
4. With the development of the anesthesia and an understanding of the importance of aseptic technique in surgery, orthopedic surgeons extended their role to include surgery involving the bones and related nerves and connective tissue
[Ref-www.freedictionary.com]
Treatment methods of orthopedics:
1. Conservative methods:
a. Rest.
b. Support.
c. Traction.
d. Physiotherapy.
e. Radiotherapy.
f. Massage.
2. Operative methods:
a. Osteotomy.
b. Arthrodesis.
c. Arthroplasty.ves jeuri
d. Bone grafting.
e. Tendon surgeries.
f. Equalization of leg length.
g. Excision of tumors.
h. Amputation.
i. Fixation.
[Ref-John Ebnezar’s, “Textbook of Orthopedics”, 4″ edition]
Osteotomy:
Osteotomuy is derived from the two words (osteo bone, tomy-cutting). Osteotomy may be used to correct deformity, to change the shape of the bone.
[Ref-Apleys/9 /311]
Or
It is the therapeutic cutting of bone to correct or stabilize the joint.
[Ref-SRBs, Surgery for nurses, P-442]
Indications of osteotomy:
1. Correction of angulation, bowing, rotation deformity.
2. Correct instability of the joint.
3. To control and relieve pain.
4. To correct and compensate of malignant of diseases
5. In valgus and varus deformity.
6. Osteoarthritis of the joint.
[Ref-SRBs, Surgery for nurse, P-442]
Complications of Osteotomy:
1. Thromboembolism.
2. Infection.
3. Under correction and over correction deformity.
4. Nerve tension.
5. Compartmental syndrome.
6. Non-union.
[Ref- Apleys/9h/313]
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