Concept about Counseling- This book covers the entire syllabus of “Leadership & Management” prescribed by the BNMC for Diploma in Nursing Science & Midwifery Students.
We tried to accommodate latest information and topics. This book is an examination setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination questions. At the end of the book previous university questions are given. We hope in touch with the pook students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.
Concept about Counseling
Counseling is a process by means of which the helper expresses care and concern towards the person with a problem, and facilitates that person’s personal growth and brings about change through self-knowledge. Counselling is a relationship between a concerned person and a person with a need.
This relationship is usually person-to-person, although sometimes it may involve more than two people. It is designed to help people to understand and clarify their views, and learn how to reach their self-determined goals through meaningful, well-informed choices, and through the resolution of emotional or interpersonal problems.
It can be seen from these definitions that counselling can have different meanings. Counselling is provided under a variety of labels. For example, there are instances where counselling is offered when a relationship is primarily focused on other, non-counselling concerns.
A student may use a teacher as a person with whom it is safe to share worries. In such a situation, the teacher uses counselling skills, but does not engage in an actual counselling relationship. The teacher counsels but is not a counselor.
Definition of Counseling:
According to (Krumboltz, 1965).
An effort to help the client engage in those types of behavior which will lead to a resolution of the client’s problems”
According to BAC, 1999
“An interaction in which the counselor offers another person the time, attention, and respect necessary to explore, discover and clarify ways of living more resourcefully, and to his or her greater well-being”
According to Strang
“Counseling is defined as face to face relationship in which growth takes place in the counselor as well as counselee”
(Ref by-Promilaa/1/73)
Aims of Counseling:
The aims of counselling are broad. They may depend on the situation and the environment, and on training. The basic aims of counselling include the following:
- To help students gain an insight into the origins and development of emotional difficulties, leading to an increased capacity to take rational control over feelings and actions.
- To alter maladjusted behavior.
- To assist students to move in the direction of fulfilling their potential, or achieve an integration of conflicting elements within themselves.
- To provide students with the skills, awareness and knowledge, which will enable them to confront social inadequacy.
Fields/Types of Counseling:
A. Educational Counselling: A term first coined by Truman Kelley in 1914 (Makindye, 1988), educational counseling is a process of rendering services to pupils who need assistance in making decisions about important aspects of their education, such as the choice of courses and studies, decisions regarding interests and ability, and choices of college and high school.
Educational counseling increases a pupil’s knowledge of educational opportunities.
B. Personal/Social Counselling: Personal counselling deals with emotional distress and behavioral difficulties, which arise when individuals struggle to deal with developmental stages and tasks.
Any aspect of development can be turned into an adjustment problem, and everyone inevitably encounters, at some time, exceptional difficulty in meeting an ordinary challenge. For example:
- Anxiety over a career decision
- Lingering anger over an interpersonal conflict
- Insecurities about getting older
- Depressive feelings when bored with work
- Excessive guilt about a serious mistake
- A lack of assertion and confidence
- Grief over the loss of a loved one
- Disillusionment and loneliness after parents’ divorce
C. Vocational Counselling: Vocational counselling is defined as individual contacts with those counselled, in order to facilitate career development. This definition and category encompasses counselling situations such as these:
- Helping students become aware of the many occupations to consider
- Interpreting an occupational interest inventory to a student
- Assisting a teenager to decide what to do after school
- Helping a student apply to a college or university
- Role-playing a job interview in preparation for the real thing
Characteristics of Counseling:
A. Effectiveness:
Helping relationships is more affective (with feelings, and emotions) than cognitive.
B. Intensity:
Counselor and client are expected to share openly their perceptions and reactions to each other and to the process.
C. Growth:
- The relationship is dynamic.
- As the client grows and changes, so does the relationship.
- Counseling is a unique and dynamic process in which, from counselor and client, one assists the other
- The counselor helps the client to grow in a positive direction and actualizing his own resources to grow
D. Privacy:
During or after the counseling session all client disclosures are confidential.
E. Support:
Counselors, through counseling relationship, offer the client a system of support that oft en provides the necessary stability for taking risks and changing behavior.
F. Honesty:
The helping relationships is based on honesty and open and direct communication between the counselor and the client.
The above characteristics indicate that the counselor will provide support to the client.
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