Concept about Administration – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Leadership & Management” prescribed by the BNMC for Diploma in Nursing Science & Midwifery Students.
We tried to accommodate latest information and topics. This book is examination friendly setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination’s questions. At the end of the book previous university questions are given. We hope in touch with the pook students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.
Concept about Administration
The word administer is derived from the Latin word “ad ministraire”, means to care for or to look after people to manage affairs. Administraire means “serve” the meaning is suggestive enough, as it insists on the administrator to regard himself as servant, not that the master to look after, perform all function. Administration is a process permeating all collective effort, be it public or private, civil or military, large scale otherwise, and is that of universal nature.
It is a corporative effort, directed towards the realization of a consciously laid down objectives. Since adminis-tration permeates all planned human activities, hence, it is at the center of all human affairs. Its principle aspects are formulation of policy and its implementation for the attainment in an optimum manner of stated ends in the shape of service or products. Administration is an activity which demands correct analysis and accurate orientation.
Definition of Administration:
According to Pfiffner and Presthus
“Administration is the organization and direction of human and material resources to achieve desired ends.”
According to F.M. Marx
“Administration is determined action taken in the pursuit of a conscious purpose. It is the systematic ordering of affairs and the calculated use of resources aimed at making those things happen which one wants to happen and forestalling everything to the contrary.”
According to Luther Gullick
“Administration has to do with getting things done; with the accomplishment of defined objectives.”
According to Brooks Adams
“Administration is the capacity of coordinating many and often conflicting social energies in a single organism, so adroitly that they shall operate as a unity.”
According to L.D. White
“Administration is the direction, co-ordination and control of many persons to achieve some purposes or objective.”
According to Herbert A. Simon
“Administration is the activities of groups cooperating to accomplish common goals.”
OTHER DEFINITIONS – NICE TO KNOW
According to George E. Berkley
“Administration is a process involving human beings jointly engaged in working towards common goals.”
According to Ordway Tead
“Administration is a variety of component elements which, together in action, produce the result of a defined task done. Adminis-tration primarily is the direction of people in association to achieve some goal temporarily shared. It is the inclusive process of integrating human efforts so that a desired result is obtained. Administration is the central power house of the motivational impulsion and spirit which makes the institution drive to fulfill its purpose.”
According to Keith Henderson
“Administration is the arrangement of men and materials in the rational carrying out of purposes.”
According to D. Waldo
“Administration is a type of co-operative human effort that has a high degree of rationality.”
According to James Mc Canny
“Administration is the organization and use of men and materials to accomplish a purpose. It is the specialized vocation of managers who have skills of organizing and directing men and materials just as definitely as an engineer has the skill of building structures or a doctor has the skill of understanding the human ailments.”
Definition of Nursing Administration:
Nursing administration may be best defined as the strategic management of nursing personnel,
patient care, and facility resources through the support of regulating policies.
An example of administra-tion is the act of the manager in the hospital managing the nursing staff and employing the rules of the health system.
Importance of Administration in Nursing Services:
The following importance of administration in nursing service are given below:
a. Hospital administration
b. Institutional administration.
A. Hospital administration:
- Nursing administration is important in the hospital to provide health care efficiently and effectively.
- Administration is important in planning for total patient care.
- Good administration is require for selection of personal and assignment of their activities.
- It is important for organizational and clerical activities of the nursing services office.
- It is essential for supervision.
- Relationship with other departments is largely a matter of administration.
- Wise administration can promote good public relation.
- To evaluate the quality of nursing service.
B. Institutional Administration:
- Administration of any nursing institute is important to give constant attention towards, the quality, timing and cost of the work necessary to achieve its objectives.
- To select teaching staff carefully, to retain good staff and to provide for the department of faculty.
- Adminis-tration is important in curriculum development and to guide nursing faculty towards implementing newer concepts in the curriculum, improve curriculum and change curriculum.
- Delegation of responsibility and authority is an important aspects of successful administra-tion.
- Adminis-tration is important for the preparation of annual budget of the nursing institute.
- Administra-tion is important for student personnel services.
- Administra-tion is essential for efficient communication.
- Adminis-tration require to establish continuously assesses the curriculum of the nursing programmed.
- Administration is important to evaluate the nursing education program.
Function/ Elements of Administration
The four essential elements/functions of administration are:
1. Planning,
2. Organizing,
3. Leading, and
4. Controlling.
A. Planning
- Planning is the first function of administration.
- It is fundamentally the readiness of a particular approach.
- In the planning or arranging of an activity the administra-tion sets particular goals or objectives, guaranteeing that they are itemized in their arranging and according to the vision of the task.
B. Organizing
- In the organizing function the adminis-tration then takes the data they got throughout the planning process and form the assets to make sure that they can effectively actualize the techniques and errands of the job.
- It is a standout among the four principles of the management forming an antecedent to all parts of administration.
C. Leading
- Leading is an alternate and paramount function in the administra-tion.
- It is the thing that a director does to guarantee that the errands are finished.
- A great administrator needs to additionally be an exceptional guide, since the assignments are instructed to be carried out in an auspicious way and up to particulars. It needs to be in accordance with the goal of the venture.
D. Controlling
- This essentially includes and connects with the past three functions.
- Controlling or regulating involves setting up and executing the particular models concerning execution, preparations and time obligations.
- In regulating the processing and execution are checked and reported multiple times to figure out if they require any progressions to be executed to make the task run smoother or if they have to change their assets to better the achievement of target, for e.g. altering the faculty around to meet due dates.
Another Answer
Elements of Administration
Administration may be defined as all the actions rationally performed by one person or a number of persons in concert to fulfill a common purpose set by someone else of their accomplishment.
Professor Luther Gullick (1937) summed up certain principles or elements in the word POSDCORB’. The hieroglyphic POSDCORB consists of the initials of a number of words under each of which some administrative activity has been classified and named.
POSDCORB is of course a made-up word designed to call attention to the various functional elements of the work of a chief executive because ‘admini-stration’ and ‘management’ have lost all specific content. POSDCORB is made up of initials and stands for the following activities.
1. ‘P’ stands for planning: That is working out a broad outline, the things that need to be done and the methods for doing them to accomplish the purpose set for the enterprises or of the purpose in hand.
2. ‘O stands for organizing: That is the establishment of the formal structure of authority through which work of subdivisions are arranged, defined and coordinated for the defined objectives. In other words, building up the structure of authority through which the entire work to be done is arranged into well-defined subdivisions and coordination.
3. ‘S’ stands for staffing: That is the whole personnel function of bringing in and training the staff and maintaining favorable conditions of work. In other words, staffing is appointing suitable persons to the various posts under the organization and the whole of personnel management.
4. ‘D’ stands for directing: That is the continuous task of making decision and embodying them, in specific and general orders and instructions and serving as leader of the enterprise. Making decisions and issuing orders, and instructions embodying them for the guidance of the staff.
5. ‘CO’ stands for coordinating: That is all important duty of inter-relating the various parts of the work and eliminating overlapping and conflict.
6. ‘R’ stands for reporting: That is keeping those to whom the executive is responsible informed as to what is going on, which thus includes keeping himself/herself and his/her subordinates informed through records, research and inspection.
7. ‘B’ stands for budgeting: With all that goes with budgeting in the form of fiscal planning, accounting and control. In American phraseology, budget stands for the whole of financial administration. Here, the list of activities is an improvement Fayol’s elements of adminis-tration.
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