Special senses, Name special sense organs and idea of perception | CHAPTER 10 | Anatomy and Physiology

Special senses, Name special sense organs and idea of perception-The course is designed for the basic understanding of anatomical structures and physiological functions of human body, musculoskeletal system, digestive system, respiratory system; cardiovascular system; urinary system, endocrine system, reproductive system, nervous system, hematologic system, sensory organs, integumentary system, and immune system.The aim of the course is to acquire knowledge and skills regarding anatomy and physiology.

Special senses, Name special sense organs and idea of perception

Most of us are aware of sensory input to the central nervous system (CNS) from structures associated with sense of smell, sense of taste, sense of vision, sense of hearing with balance and sense of touch. These five senses are known as the special senses.

The other senses are termed general senses and include both somatic senses and visceral senses. Somatic senses (somat of the body) include tactile sensations (touch, pressure, and vibration); thermal sensations (warm and cold); pain sensations; and proprioceptive sensations (joint and muscle position sense and movements of the limbs and head). Visceral senses provide information about conditions within internal organs.

There are five senses organs of the human body are…

1. The nose is responsible for smell.
2. The mouth (tongue) is responsible for taste.
3. The eye is responsible for sight or vision.
4. The ear is responsible for hearing and balance.
5. The skin is responsible for touch, pain and temperature.

Perception:-

Perception is the conscious awareness and interpretation of sensations and is primarily a function of the cerebral cortex. We seem to see with our eyes, hear with our ears, and feel pain in an injured part of our body.

This is because sensory nerve impulses from each part of the body arrive in a specific region of the cerebral cortex, which interprets the sensation as coming from the stimulated sensory receptors. A given sensory neuron carries information for one type of sensation only.

Neurons relaying impulses for touch, for example, do not also conduct impulses for pain. The specialization of sensory neurons enables nerve impulses from the eyes to be perceived as sight and those from the ears to be perceived as sounds.

(Ref:- J. Tortora, 8th edition, P-298 + P. Evelyn, 16,P-366)

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