Vitamin deficiency disorder – nutrition and Severe Acute Mal-Nutrition – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Nutrition and Dietetics” prescribed by BNMC-for all Diploma in Nursing Science and Midwifery students. We tried to accommodate latest information and topics. This book is examination friendly setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination’s questions. At the end of the book previous university questions are given. We hope in touch with the book students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.
Vitamin deficiency disorder
Deficiency Disorders of Fat Soluble Vitamin:
A. Deficiency of Vitamin A:
a. Ocular change:
- Night blindness
- Conjunctival xerosis
- Bitotos spot
- Corneal xerosis
- Corneal ulceration/Keratommalacia involving less than 1/3 of the corneal surface.
- Corneal ulceration/Keratommalacia involving more than 1/3 of the corneal surface.
- Corneal scar
- Xerophthalmic fundi (White retinal fesion)
b. Extra ocular manifestations:
- Dry, scaly skin especially over the outer aspect of the limbs (follicular hyperkeratosis)
- Susceptibility to infection (eg. respiratory)
- Growth failure
- Calculi (renal, vesical)
B. Vitamin D: Deficiency disorder:
a. In child: Rickets
b. In adults: Osteomalacia
C. Vitamin E: Deficiency disorder:
a. It means loss of reproductive capacity
b. Habitual abortion
D. Vitamin K: Deficiency disorder: Bleeding diathesis
Deficiency Disorder of Water Soluble Vitamin:
A. Vitamin B complex:
a. Vitamin B1 (thiamine): Deficiency disorder: Beriberi
b. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin): Deficiency disorder: Oral ulcer
C. Vitamin B3 (niacin): Deficiency disorder: Pellagra, it means rough skin
d. Vitamin Bs (pantothanic acid): Deficiency disorder: Fatty liver
e. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): Deficiency disorder: Neurological disorder
f. Folic acid: Deficiency disorder:
- Megloblastic anemia
- Deficiency of maternal folic acid may result in neural tube defect of the fetus.
g. Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin): Deficiency disorder:
- Demyelination of nerve fibers
- Pernicious anemia or megaloblastic anemia
B. Deficiency disorder of vitamin C: Scurvy
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