Writing of Research Report – In its most common sense, methodology is the study of research methods. However, the term can also refer to the methods themselves or to the philosophical discussion of associated background assumptions. A method is a structured procedure for bringing about a certain goal, like acquiring knowledge or verifying knowledge claims. This normally involves various steps, like choosing a sample, collecting data from this sample, and interpreting the data. The study of methods concerns a detailed description and analysis of these processes. It includes evaluative aspects by comparing different methods.
In this way, their benefits and drawbacks are evaluated, as well as the research goals for which they may be used. These descriptions and evaluations are predicated on philosophical background assumptions; examples include how to conceptualize the phenomena under study and what constitutes evidence in favor of or against them. In its broadest sense, methodology encompasses the discussion of these more abstract issues.
Writing of Research Report
| Section | Content |
| Cover page | Student name and assignment details. |
| Table of contents | List of main sections and sub-sections, with page numbers, including tables, illustrations, reference list, and appendices |
| Abstract | A one-paragraph overview of aims, methods, results, and conclusions. OR One or more pages divided into the same sections as the report. |
| Introduction | Research aims and objectives, including any hypothesis. Rationale for the study. 1.e., why the issues for investigation were important or significant. Might define technical or specialist terms. Outlines scope of the report. Briefly states how report is organised. |
| Background to study: Literature Review How your study fits in | Survey of key literature: summary of major themes, concepts and/or trends. Situates current research in relation to existing literature; e.g., how it will add to current knowledge, or address existing gap. |
| Methods: How the study was carried out; how data was analysed | Gives precise details of methods and procedures. e.g.. study’s participants, and how they were chosen; data collection methods (e.g. surveys, interviews, questionnaires, personal observation, case study); process of ethical consent if applicable. data analysis methods. |
| Results | Presents results objectively, without discussion. Can include explanatory or supporting data (e.g., extracts from interviews). Include illustrations, figures or tables. |
| Discussion (“Results and Discussion might be combined) | Evaluation and discussion of results Comments on significant findings, and implications. Might also include: whether any initial hypothesis was supported “whether or not the findings met the aims of the study; *s comparison of your findings with other researche limitations, flaws or problems in study design or methods. |
| Conclusion | Clearly and concise conclusion to study. Briefly re-states how well the study design met the study’s aims. Emphasises major findings and implications of findings as addressed in discursion section. Briefly re-caps any faults or limitations covered in full in the discussion section. If applicable, suggests future research directions |
| Recommendations (if applicable) | Summarises and lists in onder of importance. Might also be numbered. |
| References | Alphabetical list of references. Start on new page, attach to end of report, before appendices. |
| Appendices | Relevant and necessary material not included elsewhere, e.g., copy of questionnaires or survey forms; participant consent form; large tables referred to but not included in the body of report; raw data. Start each appendix on a new page |
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