Emerging and Re-Emerging Health Related Issues – Behavioral sciences explore the cognitive processes within organisms and the behavioral interactions between organisms in the natural world. It involves the systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behavior through the study of the past, controlled and naturalistic observation of the present and disciplined scientific experimentation and modeling.
It attempts to accomplish legitimate, objective conclusions through rigorous formulations and observation. Generally, behavior science deals primarily with human action and often seeks to generalize about human behavior as it relates to society.
Emerging and Re-Emerging Health Related Issues
Emerging Viral Diseases:
An emerging viral disease is one that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range. Example: AIDS, Ebola, SARS.
Re-Emerging Viral Diseases:
Re-emerging viral disease are age-old diseases that have increased its prevalence again. These diseases were previously treatable but have developed resistance to the drugs used to treat them. The increased in migration due to war and international travel has also facilitated the spread of disease.
Example:
- Tuberculosis
- Cholera
- Malaria
- Kala-azar.
Causes:
Human factors:
- Urbanization
- Globalization
- International travel.
- Imported insects and animals.
- Increased tourism
Environmental/ecological factors:
- Weather and climate change.
Viral factors:
- Re-assortment- e.g. influenza virus (antigenic shift and drift)
- Recombination.
- Mutation.
Health Problem Due to Social Movement/Migratory Movement
Communicable disease :
- Tuberculosis
- Swine flue
- Bird flue
- Ebola
- Measles
- Mumps
- Hepatitis
Cardiovascular disorder :
- Acute MI
- Heart failure
- Bradycardia
- Tachycardia
Respiratory disease :
- Acute respiratory infection
- Tonsillitis
- Common cold
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Mental disorder :
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Schizophrenia
- Suicidal tendency
- Fear
- Unable to cope with social conditions
Nutritional disorder :
- Malnutrition
- Marasmus
- Kwashiorkor
Due to lack of sanitation, water supply :
- Diarrhea
- Cholera
- Food poisoning
- Parasitic infection
- Jaundice
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