All about Appearance | CHAPTER-19: General Examination | Fundamentals of Nursing

All about Appearance –Nursing is a profession within the healthcare sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life. Nurses may be differentiated from other healthcare providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice. Nurses practice in many specialisms with differing levels of prescriber authority.

Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians, and this traditional role has shaped the public image of nurses as care providers. However, nurses are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings depending on training level. In the postwar period, nurse education has undergone a process of diversification towards advanced and specialized credentials, and many of the traditional regulations and provider roles are changing.

Nurses develop a plan of care, working collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, the patient’s family, and other team members, that focus on treating illness to improve quality of life. Nurses may help coordinate the patient care performed by other members of an interdisciplinary healthcare team such as therapists, medical practitioners, and dietitians. Nurses provide care both interdependently, for example, with physicians, and independently as nursing professionals.

 

All about Appearance | CHAPTER-19: General Examination | Fundamentals of Nursing

 

All about Appearance

Clinical Importance of Examination of Face in Diseases:

AppearanceDisease
ENDOCRINE
  • Moon like, puffy, plethoric face (Cushingoid facies)
Cushing syndrome
  • Startled expression/Anxious and frightened
Hyperthyroidism
  • Exophthalmosom
Thyrotoxicosis
  • Apathy, with pale and puffy skin
Hypothyroidism/Myxoedema
  • Protruded lower jaw/prognathism
Acromegaly

 

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  • Idiotic look
Cretinism
PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION (PEM)
  • Old man looking/ Wise face / monkey face
Marasmus
  • Moon face/ edematous face
Kwashiorkor
RENAL
  • Puffy face
Nephrotic syndrome
Acute nephritic syndrome
NERVOUS SYSTEM
  • Poverty of expression/Expressionless face
Parkinsonism.
Depression.
  • Facial asymmetry, drooping of corners of mouth, less pronounced naso-labial fold
Facial nerve palsy
  • Unilateral ptosis
3rd nerve palsy,
  • Bilateral ptosis
Myasthenia gravis.
  • Eyes always open
7th nerve palsy
CARDIOVASCULAR
  • Malar flush
Mitral stenosis
  • Frontal and parietal bossing, prominent
Haemolytic anaemia (e.g. thalassaemia).
  • malar bones (Haemolytic facies)
OTHERS
  • Butterfly rash in face, discoid rash
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • Muddy, yellow tinge, pinched face with sunken eye (hepatic facies)
Chronic liver disease
  • Apathy, with poverty of expression and poor Eye contact
Depression
  • Agitated expression
Anxiety.
Hyperthyroidism.
Hypomania
  • Sunken eyes & temples, collapsed, nose pinched with crust on lips and forehead is clammy (Hippocratic facies)
Advanced peritonitis
  • III looking appearance
Any disease condition

 

Appearance

 

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