Antitubercular Drugs – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Pharmacology” prescribed by BNMC- for a diploma in nursing science & midwifery students. We tried to accommodate the latest information and topics. This book is an examination set up according to the teachers’ lectures and examination questions.
At the end of the book, previous questions are given. We hope in touch with the book students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourish. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.
Antitubercular Drugs
➤ Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
➤ Tuberculosis typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body.
➤ It is spread through the air when people who have an active TB infection cough, sneeze, or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air
Antitubercular Drugs
Anti-tubercular drugs are the agents that are used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
Classification of Anti-Tubercular Drug:
According to their clinical utility the anti-TB drugs can be divided into:
| First line | Second line | |
| These drugs have high antitubercular efficacy as well as low toxicity; are used routinely. | These drugs have either low antitubercular efficacy or higher toxicity or both; and are used as reserve drugs. | |
| Drugs 1. Isoniazid 2. Rifampicin 3. Pyrazinamide 4. Ethambutol 5. Streptomycin | Drugs
|
➤ Ofloxacin (Ofx) ➤ Levofloxacin Lvx/Lfx ➤ Moxifloxacin (Mfx) ➤ Ciprofloxacin (Cfx)
➤ Kanamycin (Km) ➤ Amikacin (Am) ➤ Capreomycin (Cm) |
Alternative grouping of antitubercular drugs*
| Group I | First line oral anti-TB drugs | Isoniazid (INH), Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol |
| Group II | Injectable anti-TB drugs | Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Amikacin, Capreomycin |
| Group III | Fluoroquinolones | Ofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Ciprofloxacin |
| Group IV | Second line oral anti-TB drugs | Ethionamide, Prothionamide, Cycloserine, Terizidone, Para-aminosalicylic acid |
| Group V | Drugs with unclear efficacy | Thiacetazone, Clarithromycin, Clofazimine, Linezolid, Amoxicillin/clavulanate, Imipenem/cilastatin |
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