Today our topic of discussion is Basal Gastric Analysis.
Basal Gastric Analysis
Basal Gastric Analysis (Tube)
Gastric secretions are aspirated through a nasogastric tube after a period of fasting. Specimens are obtained to evaluate the basal acidity of the gastric content first and the gastric stimulation test follows.
Stimulation Gastric Analysis (Tube)
The stimulation test is usually a cominuation of the ba gastric analysis. After samples of gastric secretions as obtained, a gastric stimolant (L.e. histalog or is administered, and gastric contents are aspirated every 15-20 minutes until several samples are obtained. pentag
Tubeless Gastric Analysis
This test is for screening purpose to detect the p presence o absence of HCI; however, it will not indicate the amount of the free acid in the stomach. A gastric stimulant (caffeine, histalog) is given, and an hour later a resin dye (azures diagnex blue) is taken orally by the client.
The free HC releases the dye from the resin base; the dye is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and is excreted in the urine Absence of the dye in the urine 2 hours later is indicative of gastric achlorhydria. This test method saves the clie discomfort of being intubated with nasogastric tub; however, it does lack accuracy.
Normal Findings
- Fasting 1.0-5.0 mEq/L/h
- Stimulation: 10-25 mEq/L/h
- Tubeless: detectable dyes in the urine.
Purposes
- To evaluate gastric secretions.
- To detect an increase or decrease of free HCL
Clinical Problems
- Decreased Level
- Pernicious anemia Gastric malignancy (atrophy)
- Atrophic gastritis.
- Elevated Level
- Peptic ulcer (duodenal)
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Client Preparation
Explain the purpose and procedure of the tube of tubeless gastric analysis test to the client. Check with the healthcare providers before you give your explanation find out whether he or she will perform both basal and stimulation gastric analysis.
List the steps of the test on paper for the client, if needed. Tell the client how the nasogastric tube is inserted (ie, the mbe is lubricated and passes through the nose or mouth) and that he or she will be asked to swallow or will be given sips of water as the tube is passed into the stomach.
The end of the tube may be attached to low intermittent suction Notify the healthcare provider if the client is receiving the following categories of drugs: antacids, antispasmodics anticholinergics, adrenergic blocker, cholinergics and steroids. Drugs from the above groups and a few others should be withheld for 24-48 hours before the gastric analysis. Drugs that cannot be withheld should be listed on the request slip.
Monitor vital signs. Observe for possible side effects for use of stimulants (i.c. dizziness, flushing, tachycardia, headache and a lower systolic blood pressure) Label the specimens (gastric or urine) with the client’s name, the date, the time and the specimen’s number Be supportive of the client. Encourage the client to express his or her concerns or fear. Answer questions or refer to appropriate health professions.
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