Concept about Etiology – Health of the children has been considered as the vital importance to all societies because children are the basic resource for the future of humankind. Nursing care of children is concerned for both the health of the children and for the illnesses that affect their growth and development. The increasing complexity of medical and nursing science has created a need for special area of child care, i.e. pediatric nursing.
Pediatric nursing is the specialized area of nursing practice concerning the care of children during wellness and illness. It includes preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative care of children. It emphasizes on all round development of body, mind and spirit of the growing individual. Thus, pediatric nursing involves in giving assistance, care and support to the growing and developing children to achieve their individual potential for functioning with fullest capacity.
Concept about Etiology
Etiology of Autism:
Various hypothesis about its etiology include-
- Genetic predisposition in view of its occurrence in pairs of identical and fraternal twins.
- Susceptibility locus is on long arm of chromosome 13 and 17.
- Neurologic theory in the form of damage to reticular formation of brainstem about fifth
- week of intrauterine life (rubella), leading to “a window of vulnerability” for autism.
- Organic theory, based on abnormal brain rhythms in EEG, becomes a neurologic dysfunction (PKU, infantile
- spasms, herpes simplex encephalitis) as the cause of autism.
- Psychological theory that totally blames parents for autism in the child is not widely accepted.
Risk Factors Of Autism
- Prenatal rubella or CMV infection of mother.
- Advanced age of either parent.
- Gestational diabetes mellitus.
- Use of psychiatric drugs by the mother during pregnancy.
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