Concept about Logic Gates – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Computer & Information Technology” prescribed by the BNMC for B.Sc. in Nursing Science & Diploma in Nursing Science & Midwifery students. We tried to accommodate the latest information and topics.
This book is an examination setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination questions. We hope in touch with the book students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.
Concept about Logic Gates
Logic gates perform basic logical functions and are the fundamental building blocks of digital integrated circuits. Most logic -gates take an input of two binary values, and output a single value of a 1 or 0. Some circuits may have only a few logic gates, while others, such as microprocessors, may have millions of them. There are seven different types of logic gates, which are outlined below.
In the following examples, each logic gate except the NOT gate has two inputs, A and B, which can either be 1 (True) or 0 (False). The resulting output is a single value of 1 if the result is true, or 0 if the result is false.
- AND-True if A and B are both True
- OR-True if either A or B are True
- NOT – Inverts value: True if input is False; False if input is True
- XOR-True if either A or B are True, but False if both are True
- NAND – AND followed by NOT: False only if A and B are both True
- NOR – OR followed by NOT: True only if A and B are both False
- XNOR-XOR followed by NOT: True if A and B are both True or both False
By combining thousands or millions of logic gates, it is possible to perform highly complex operations. The maximum number of logic gates on an integrated circuit is determined by the size of the chip divided by the size of the logic gates. Since transistors make up most of the logic gates in computer processors, smaller transistors mean more complex and faster processors.
Definition of Logic Gate:
Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system. It is an electronic circuit having one or more than one input and only one output. The relationship between the input and the output is based on a certain logic. Based on this, logic gates are named as AND gate, OR gate, NOT gate etc.
Or,
A logic gate is a type of circuit (or collection of transistors and resistors) that regulates the flow of electricity (or optical signals in fiber optic computing systems) that determines the Boolean logic computers use to make complex logical decisions.
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