Concept of Condom – This course is designed to understand the care of pregnant women and newborn: antenatal, intra-natal and postnatal; breast feeding, family planning, newborn care and ethical issues, The aim of the course is to acquire knowledge and develop competencies regarding midwifery, complicated labour and newborn care including family planning.
Concept of Condom
A condom is a sheath-shaped barrier device used during sexual intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy or a sexually transmitted infection (STIs)
or
Condom is a mechanical barrier covering the penis with a sheath for protection against pregnancy and infection. These are rubber or processed collagenous tissue sheaths. When fitted over the erect penis it acts as a barrier to the transmission of semen into the vagina.
Classification of Condom:
a. Male condom: Acts as barrier against passage of semen into vagina and good for individuals who do not want medical intervention for contraception.
+ Advantage of male condoms:
- Protects against STDs
- Readily available
- Inexpensive
- Allows male partner to be involved in contraception.
- Non hormonal
+ Disadvantage:
- Requires responsible attitude on the part of the male.
- May decrease enjoyment of sex.
- Occasional allergy for either partner.
- Decreased effectiveness if not used consistently and correctly
- Often inconsistently
b. Female condom: These are polyurethane sheath intended for one time use with tow flexible rings and acts as a barrier to passage of semen into vagina.
+ Advantage:
- Protects against STDs.
- Can be inserted up to 8 hours before intercourse.
- Sheath coated on inside with silicone based lubricant.
- Non hormonal method controlled by women.
+ Disadvantage:
- More expensive then condoms
- Awkward difficult to place.
- May cause UTI.
The contraindications of condom
Complications of Condom:
- Failure rate is very high (2-3 per hundred women- year).
- Users complain that use of condom reduces sensitivity.
- Some men are unable to enjoy intercourse.
- Some cases they cannot maintain erection.
- Some are allergic to rubber condom.
Contraindications:
- Men/women, if allergic to condom.
- If use of condom reduces the erection of penis.
Definition of Cervical cap:
Cup shaped latex device fits over the base of the cervix and spermicide required. May be inserted up to 8 hours prior to intercourse and left in place for 48 hours.
Advantages of cervical cap:
- Provides continuous protection for duration of use regardless of number of intercourse acts. And dos not required additional spermicide.
- Non hormonal contraception controlled by women.
Disadvantages:
- Requires professional fitting and training
- Can lead to cervical erosions
- Obesity can make placement difficult
- Risk of toxic shock syndrome if left in place longer than prescribed period requires normal Pap smear test.
Definition of diaphragm:
Shallow cap with spring mechanism in rim to hold in place within vagina and spermicide required. Must be left in place 6 hourly following intercourses.
Advantages of diaphragm:
- Non hormonal contraception controlled by woman.
- Disadvantages of diaphragm:
- Required professional fitting and training.
- Can develop odor if not properly cleaned
- Can cause vaginal erosions
- Requires additional spermicide for repeated use
- Prolonged use can increase risk of UTI.
Read More…