Digital Computer – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Computer & Information Technology” prescribed by the BNMC for B.Sc. in Nursing Science & Diploma in Nursing Science & Midwifery students. We tried to accommodate the latest information and topics.

This book is an examination setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination questions. We hope in touch with the book students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.

Table of Contents

DIGITAL COMPUTER

Digital computer, any of a class of devices capable of solving problems by processing information in discrete form. It operates on data, including magnitudes, letters, and symbols, that are expressed in binary code-i.e., using only the two digits 0 and 1.

Or,

The computers which present physical quantities with the help of symbols or numbers and provide us discrete information are called digital computers.”
Examples:

Digital watch, digital petrol stations and the computer, which we use nowadays, are the examples of digital computers

Characteristics of Digital Computer:

Digital computers have two states on (0) and off (1).
These computers are easy to use.
Human being likes to use digital computers.
These computers are reliable.
Digital computers have big memory.
Working speed of digital computers is slower as compared to analog computers.
These computers are further divided into different categories such as personal computers,
Mainframe computers and super computers.eup

Analog Computer

Definition of Analog/Analogue Computer:

An analog computer (spelt analogue in British English) is a form of computer that uses continuous physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved.

Or,

“The computers which provide us continuous information are called analog computers.” Analog computers represent physical quantities in the form of waves or in continuous form.
Examples:

Thermometer is the example of analog computers because it measures the length of a mercury column continuously.
A traditional clock is the example of analog computers because the needle of clock covers the distance of dial continuously. Weight machine and Speedo meter are other examples of analog computers.

Characteristics of Analog Computer:

These computers have no state
The Speed of analog computer is fast
These computers are not reliable
These computers became the base for digital computers
These computers are difficult to operate and use
These computers are easy to develop
These computers have small memory

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Difference between Analog and Digital Computer:

Traits	Analog Computer	Digital computer
1. Definition	These computers provide us continuous information.	These computers provide us discrete information.
2. Representation of quantities	These computers represent ami physical quantities in the form of waves or in continuous form.	These computers represent physical quantities with the help of symbols or numbers.
3. State	These computers have no state.	These computers have two states On (0) and off (1).
4. Use	These computers are difficult to use.	These computers are easy to use.
5. Reliability	These are not reliable computers	These are reliable computers.
6. Development	These computers are difficult to develop	These computers are easy to develop.
7. Memory	These computers have small memory.	These computers have big memory.
8. Base	These computers became the base for digital computers.	These computers were developed on the base of analog computers.
9. Speed	These computers have slowlan speed.	These computers have fast speed.
10. Example	Thermometer, Weight machine, Speedo meter	Digital watch, Digital petrol stations, Computers.

Advantages/Importance of Computer:

Advantages of Computers:

High Speed	Computer is a very fast device. It is capable of performing calculation of very large amount of data.
Accuracy	In addition to being very fast, computers are very accurate. The calculations are 100% error free.
Storage Capability	Memory is a very important characteristic of computers. A computer has much more storage capacity than human beings. It can store large amount of data.
Diligence	Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness and lack of concentration. It can work continuously without any error and boredom.
Versatility	A computer is a very versatile machine. A computer is very flexible in performing the jobs to be done.
Reliability	A computer is a reliable machine. Modern electronic components have long lives,
Automation	Computer is an automatic machine. Automation means ability to perform the given task automatically.
Reduction in Paper Work	The use of computers for data processing in an organization leads to reduction in paper work and results in speeding up a process.
Reduction in Cost	Though the initial investment for installing a computer is high but it substantially reduces the cost of each of its transaction.

Disadvantages of Computers

No I.Q	A computer is a machine that has no intelligence to perform any task. Each instruction has to be given to computer. A computer cannot take any decision on its own.
Dependency	It functions as per a user’s instruction, so it is fully dependent on human being
Environment	The operating environment of computer should be dust free and suitable.
No Feeling	Computers have no feelings or emotions. It cannot make judgment based on feeling, taste, experience, and knowledge unlike a human being.

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Computer and Information Technology | Diploma in Nursing Science and Midwifery

Digital Computer | CHAPTER 1 | Computer and Information Technology