Today is our topic of discussion Factors Affecting Fluid Movement.
Factors Affecting Fluid Movement
Factors Affecting Fluid Movement
- Diffusion: Molecules move from a solution of higher concentration to solution of lower concentration. Increase in the temperature increases the rate of diffusion.
- Osmosis: The diffusion water molecules through a permeable membrane from an area of lesser solute concentration
- Hydrostatic pressure: It is the pressure exerted by a fluid within a closed system. Counter balancing the osmotic pressure of the plasma, which attract fluid into the vascular system
- Dialysis: The diffusion of molecules of soluble constituents through a permeable membrane is known as dialysis
- Filtration: It may be defined as the passage of fluids and dissolved substances across membranes because of differences in mechanical pressure on two sides of the membrane
- Selective permeability of membranes: In body, the capillary and the cell membranes are described as selective permeable.
Factors that Favors Absorption
- Warmth: Application of heat over the site of injection or the use of warm solution
- Massaging: Massaging the part gently increases the local supply and increase absorption
- Diffusibility and solubility of the drug.
- Venipuncture Site
- The selection of site depends upon following facts: The condition of veins
- The characteristics of tissues over the vein
- Purpose and durations of infusions
- The type and amount of IV fluids ordered
- The diagnosis and general condition of the patient.
- The commonly used veins are: Basilic and cephalic veins (forearm)
- Median cubital, cephalic and basilica veins (antecubital fossa)
- Radial vein (radial area)
- Dorsal metacarpel veins (the hand)
Veins in the foot
- Femoral and saphenous veins (thigh)
- Veins in the scalp (for infants).
- Complications of IV Infusion
- Circulatory overload: The intravascular compartment contains more fluid than the normal.
- Circulatory overload results in cardiac failure and pulmonary edema
- Infiltration: It is the escape of fluid into the subcutaneous tissues due to dislodgement of needle.
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