Internal and External ventilation – This book covers the entire syllabus of “Community Health Nursing” prescribed by the Universities of Bangladesh- for Basic and diploma nursing students. We tried to accommodate latest information and topics.
This book is examination friendly setup according to the teachers’ lectures and examination’s questions. At the end of the book previous university questions are given. We hope in touch with the book students’ knowledge will be upgraded and flourished. The unique way of presentation may make your reading of the book a pleasurable experience.
Internal and External ventilation
Internal and External ventilation
1. Internal ventilation: It means the removal or dilution of the atmosphere (which has become stagnant, warm and moist through the vitiating process) by air (which is comparatively drier, cooler, and in motion).
2. External ventilation: It means the ventilation of street and surroundings of the buildings.
Good external ventilation is ensured by –
✓ Planning of the house :
- Keeping plenty of open spaces (3 feet side spaces, 13 feet front and back spaces) and parks in congested parts of the towns.
- Building the houses detached or separated from each other
✓ Making me streets wide and straight.
✓Watering the streets to lay down the dust and to prevent nuisance from smoke.
✓Speedy removal of street and other refuse.
✓Road side drain should have cover.
Artificial ventilation
Artificial ventilation, also called artificial respiration is any means of assisting or stimulating respiration, a metabolic process referring to the overall exchange of gases in the body by pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration.
Types of artificial or mechanical ventilation
1. Exhaust ventilation: In this system, air is extracted or exhausted to the outside by exhaust fans usually driven by electricity. As air is exhausted, a vacuum is created which induces fresh air to enter the room through windows, doors and other inlets. Exhaust ventilation is generally provided in large halls and auditorium, cinema hall for removal of vitiated air
2. Plenum or propulsion ventilation: In this process fre.sh air is blown into the room by centrifugal fans so as to create a positive pressure, and displace the vitiated air. It is used in public halls, factories, printing presses.
Advantages of this method
The incoming air can be delivered at any level and at any rate. It can be warmed in cold weather by passing through heated pipes.
It can be cold and humidified by passing through cold sprays of water.
Air can be filtered and made free from dust by passing through the filtering screens of wool.
3. Balanced ventilation: This is a combination of exhaust and plenum system of ventilation; the blowing fan must balance the exhaust fan. When this system of ventilation is employed, the natural system of ventilation is entirely dispensed with.
4. Air conditioning: It is the simultaneous control of all, or at least the first three of those factors affecting both the physical and chemical conditions of the atmosphere within any structure. These factors include temperature, humidity, air movement, and distribution of dust, bacteria, odors and toxic gases, most of which affect in greater or lesser degree human health and comfort
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