Social movement – Behavioral sciences explore the cognitive processes within organisms and the behavioral interactions between organisms in the natural world. It involves the systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behavior through the study of the past, controlled and naturalistic observation of the present and disciplined scientific experimentation and modeling.
It attempts to accomplish legitimate, objective conclusions through rigorous formulations and observation. Generally, behavior science deals primarily with human action and often seeks to generalize about human behavior as it relates to society.
Concept of Social Movement
In a society a large number of changes have been brought about by efforts exerted by people individually and collectively. Such efforts have been called social movements. A social- movement is defined as a collectively acting with some continuity to promote or resist a change in the society or group of which it is a part. Social -movement is a form of dynamic pluralistic behavior that progressively develops structure through time and aims at partial or complete modification of the social order.
A social -movement may also be directed to resist a change. Some movements are directed to modify certain aspects of the existing social order whereas others may aim to change it completely. The former are called reform movements and the latter are called revolutionary movements. Social -movements may be of numerous kinds such as religious movements, reform movements or revolutionary movements.
Examples of social movement:
- Fascist movement,
- Communist movement,
- Tribal movement,
- Peasants movement,
- Women’s movement,
- Youth movement,
- Labor movement,
- Civil right movement,
- Human right movement
Definition of Social Movement
According to Turner and Killan
A social movement is formally defined as “a collectively acting with some continuity to promote or resist change in the society or group of which it is a part”
According to Lundberg
“Social -movement as a voluntary association of people engaged in concerted efforts to change attitudes, behavior and social relationships in a larger society”lover
According to Neil J. Smetser.
Social movements is defined as “organized grow effort to generate or resist social
According to Anderson and Parker,
Social movement is “a form of dynamic pluralistic behavior which progressively develops structure through time and aims at partial or complete modification of the social order change ”
According to Horton and Hunt
“A social movement is a collective effort to promote or resist change”.
According to Rudolf Herberle
“A social movement is a collective effort to transform established relations within a particular society”
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