Today is our topic of discussion Subcutaneous Injection.
Subcutaneous Injection
SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION
Subcutaneous injection involves placing of medication into the loose connective tissue under the dermis (Fig. 22.16). Subcutaneous injection means the introduction of medicine into the subcutaneous tissues. Drug is injected into the layer of fatty tissues beneath the upper layers of the skin (Fig. 22.17).
Purpose
- To administer the medication that is ineffective in the gastrointestinal tract by the action of the digestive juice
- To administer smaller doses
- For slow drug absorption
- To obtain a prompt action of a medicine that is obtained by oral administration.
General Instructions
- A 90° angle is normally used with a 5/8 inch needle for obese patients
- A 45° angle is used with a needle 3/4 inch long or longer for an average patients are in a thin patient
- The techniques of giving injection for hypodermic injections will be same as in TM injection Use only non-irritating medications
- Use only small quantity of medication
- Deposit the medication in a fold formed by picking up a layer of skin and fat
- Be sure to insert the needle beyond the thickness of the skin (the medication is to be deposited in the subcutaneous tissue).
Equipment
- One mL calibrated in 40 or 80 units, e.g. insulin syringe Hypodermic needles (24-25 gauge, 1/2-5/8 inches length)
- Sterile cotton scubas
- Methylated spirit in container
- Kidney tray with paper bag.
- Drug ordered sheet.
- Small covered tray (sterile) to carry the prepared injections to the bed side.
Criteria for Selection of Site
- The skin and underlying tissues are free of abnormalities.
- Not over bony prominences.
- Free of large blood vessels and nerves.
Common Sites for Subcutaneous Injection
- Outer aspect of the upper arm.
- Posterior chest wall below the scapula.
- Anterior abdominal wall from below breast to iliac crests
- Anterior and lateral aspect of the thigh..
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